Avinash Arora is a graduate from Chandigarh University. His current research is focused on south Asian security issues. His research explores the interlinkages between strategic partnerships and security.
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  • When the Internet Goes Dark: India’s Security Challenge From Mesh Networks

    Bluetooth mesh networks and offline messaging apps can keep communication alive when conventional internet access is disrupted. India Internet Shutdowns while these technologies offer resilience during emergencies, their decentralised nature also creates new challenges for India’s security agencies, regulation, monitoring, and crisis management.
    URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/when-the-internet-goes-dark-bluetooth-mesh-apps-and-india-s-security-dilemma
    When the Internet Goes Dark: India’s Security Challenge From Mesh Networks Bluetooth mesh networks and offline messaging apps can keep communication alive when conventional internet access is disrupted. India Internet Shutdowns while these technologies offer resilience during emergencies, their decentralised nature also creates new challenges for India’s security agencies, regulation, monitoring, and crisis management. URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/when-the-internet-goes-dark-bluetooth-mesh-apps-and-india-s-security-dilemma
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  • Two Patrons, One Strategy: Pakistan’s Evolving Air Power

    Pakistan’s air power is being reshaped through deeper defence partnerships with China and Türkiye, reflecting Islamabad’s efforts to modernise capabilities and strengthen strategic autonomy. South Asia air power this transformation has wider implications for South Asian security, regional deterrence, and India’s defence planning.
    URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/two-patrons-one-strategy-pakistan-s-air-power-transformation
    Two Patrons, One Strategy: Pakistan’s Evolving Air Power Pakistan’s air power is being reshaped through deeper defence partnerships with China and Türkiye, reflecting Islamabad’s efforts to modernise capabilities and strengthen strategic autonomy. South Asia air power this transformation has wider implications for South Asian security, regional deterrence, and India’s defence planning. URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/two-patrons-one-strategy-pakistan-s-air-power-transformation
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  • BIMSTEC’s Disaster Response Capability Faces a Crucial Regional Test

    Frequent disasters across the Bay of Bengal region highlight the need for stronger BIMSTEC cooperation on preparedness and response. Disaster management in South Asia better coordination, shared early-warning systems, joint exercises, and rapid resource mobilisation can strengthen regional resilience and build greater trust among member states.
    URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/bimstec-and-the-test-of-regional-disaster-response
    BIMSTEC’s Disaster Response Capability Faces a Crucial Regional Test Frequent disasters across the Bay of Bengal region highlight the need for stronger BIMSTEC cooperation on preparedness and response. Disaster management in South Asia better coordination, shared early-warning systems, joint exercises, and rapid resource mobilisation can strengthen regional resilience and build greater trust among member states. URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/bimstec-and-the-test-of-regional-disaster-response
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  • Strategic Foresight: Establishing the BRICS AI Observatory for Global South Governance

    Artificial intelligence and high technologies are central to economic competitiveness, national security, industrial modernisation and sustainable development. For BRICS members, this agenda is about technological innovation, resilience, sovereignty, and the ability to build development-oriented digital ecosystems that are independent from external platforms, infrastructure and standards.
    Strategic Foresight: Establishing the BRICS AI Observatory for Global South Governance Artificial intelligence and high technologies are central to economic competitiveness, national security, industrial modernisation and sustainable development. For BRICS members, this agenda is about technological innovation, resilience, sovereignty, and the ability to build development-oriented digital ecosystems that are independent from external platforms, infrastructure and standards.
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  • Populism at the Federal Reserve Tests the Boundaries of Central Bank Independence

    Growing political pressure on the US Federal Reserve raises concerns about monetary policy independence and institutional credibility. US Monetary Policy balancing democratic accountability with the need for stable, evidence-based policymaking will be crucial to maintaining confidence in the Fed and the wider US financial system.

    URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/populism-arrives-at-the-federal-reserve
    Populism at the Federal Reserve Tests the Boundaries of Central Bank Independence Growing political pressure on the US Federal Reserve raises concerns about monetary policy independence and institutional credibility. US Monetary Policy balancing democratic accountability with the need for stable, evidence-based policymaking will be crucial to maintaining confidence in the Fed and the wider US financial system. URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/populism-arrives-at-the-federal-reserve
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    Populism Arrives at the Federal Reserve
    Populism Arrives at the Federal Reserve
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  • A Data-First Approach Can Help India’s MSMEs Unlock Export Potential

    Better access to reliable data can help India’s MSMEs identify markets, understand demand, navigate regulations, and compete more effectively in global trade. MSME exports India building stronger data systems and digital capabilities can make export support more targeted, accessible, and responsive to the needs of smaller businesses.
    URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/data-s-first-promise-the-export-conversations-india-s-msmes-have-always-needed
    A Data-First Approach Can Help India’s MSMEs Unlock Export Potential Better access to reliable data can help India’s MSMEs identify markets, understand demand, navigate regulations, and compete more effectively in global trade. MSME exports India building stronger data systems and digital capabilities can make export support more targeted, accessible, and responsive to the needs of smaller businesses. URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/data-s-first-promise-the-export-conversations-india-s-msmes-have-always-needed
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  • Expanding Organ Access in India Through Innovation and Better Health Systems

    India needs new approaches to address persistent gaps in organ availability and transplantation. Organ Transplantation in India strengthening donation systems, improving public awareness, expanding healthcare infrastructure, and exploring emerging medical pathways can help make organ access more equitable, timely, and effective.
    URL:- https://www.orfonline.org/research/advancing-the-future-assessing-emerging-pathways-for-expanding-organ-access-in-india
    Expanding Organ Access in India Through Innovation and Better Health Systems India needs new approaches to address persistent gaps in organ availability and transplantation. Organ Transplantation in India strengthening donation systems, improving public awareness, expanding healthcare infrastructure, and exploring emerging medical pathways can help make organ access more equitable, timely, and effective. URL:- https://www.orfonline.org/research/advancing-the-future-assessing-emerging-pathways-for-expanding-organ-access-in-india
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  • Beyond Raw Exports: How BRICS Plans to Break the Critical Minerals Monopoly

    The creation of secure, transparent supply chains for minerals is essential to the global energy transition and high-tech manufacturing. Developing corridors like the Lobito Corridor in Africa serves as an example of linking mineral-rich regions to global markets via infrastructure projects.
    Beyond Raw Exports: How BRICS Plans to Break the Critical Minerals Monopoly The creation of secure, transparent supply chains for minerals is essential to the global energy transition and high-tech manufacturing. Developing corridors like the Lobito Corridor in Africa serves as an example of linking mineral-rich regions to global markets via infrastructure projects.
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  • South Asia EV Market: Driving the Future of Sustainable Mobility
    The South Asia EV market is experiencing a significant transformation as countries across the region accelerate the adoption of electric mobility. Rising environmental awareness, supportive government policies, advancements in battery technology, and increasing fuel prices are encouraging consumers and businesses to shift toward electric vehicles. While the pace of adoption varies between...
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  • Europe’s Hormuz Challenge Lies Between Maritime Security and International Law

    Escalating tensions in the Strait of Hormuz are forcing Europe to balance strategic security interests with its commitment to international law. Strait of Hormuz Crisis 2026 navigating this complex geopolitical landscape will require coordinated diplomacy, maritime resilience, and policies that safeguard energy security without undermining the rules-based global order.
    URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/caught-in-the-strait-europe-between-law-and-power-at-hormuz
    Europe’s Hormuz Challenge Lies Between Maritime Security and International Law Escalating tensions in the Strait of Hormuz are forcing Europe to balance strategic security interests with its commitment to international law. Strait of Hormuz Crisis 2026 navigating this complex geopolitical landscape will require coordinated diplomacy, maritime resilience, and policies that safeguard energy security without undermining the rules-based global order. URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/caught-in-the-strait-europe-between-law-and-power-at-hormuz
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    Caught in the Strait: Europe Between Law and Power at Hormuz
    Strait of Hormuz Crisis 2026 highlights Europe’s evolving maritime strategy, balancing freedom of navigation, strategic autonomy, and regional stability.
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  • AI Can Transform Mental Healthcare—but It Cannot Replace Human Care

    Artificial intelligence is expanding access to mental healthcare through early screening, personalised support, and digital interventions. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy however, its effectiveness depends on ethical safeguards, clinical oversight, data privacy, and ensuring that AI complements—not replaces—the role of trained mental health professionals.
    URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/the-promise-and-limits-of-ai-in-mental-healthcare
    AI Can Transform Mental Healthcare—but It Cannot Replace Human Care Artificial intelligence is expanding access to mental healthcare through early screening, personalised support, and digital interventions. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy however, its effectiveness depends on ethical safeguards, clinical oversight, data privacy, and ensuring that AI complements—not replaces—the role of trained mental health professionals. URL: https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/the-promise-and-limits-of-ai-in-mental-healthcare
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    The Promise and Limits of AI in Mental Healthcare
    The Promise and Limits of AI in Mental Healthcare
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  • How Technology Is Transforming the Future of Consumer Behaviour

    Digital technologies, AI, and data-driven platforms are redefining how consumers discover, evaluate, and purchase products. Technology and Consumer Behaviour as technology reshapes consumption patterns, businesses and policymakers must adapt to evolving expectations around convenience, personalisation, trust, and digital engagement.
    URL: https://www.orfonline.org/research/the-new-architecture-of-consumption-how-technology-is-reshaping-consumer-behaviour
    How Technology Is Transforming the Future of Consumer Behaviour Digital technologies, AI, and data-driven platforms are redefining how consumers discover, evaluate, and purchase products. Technology and Consumer Behaviour as technology reshapes consumption patterns, businesses and policymakers must adapt to evolving expectations around convenience, personalisation, trust, and digital engagement. URL: https://www.orfonline.org/research/the-new-architecture-of-consumption-how-technology-is-reshaping-consumer-behaviour
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    The New Architecture of Consumption: How Technology Is Reshaping Consumer Behaviour
    Technology and Consumer Behaviour are reshaping buying habits through AI, digital platforms, and personalization. Brands are adapting to changing consumer expectations.
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